Frédéric Tanoh-Niangoin est le président de l’Ong ALERTE CONFLIT. Au cours d’un point de presse qui s’est tenu au siège de son organisation le mardi 13 septembre, il a levé un coin de voile sur les missions essentielles de la société civile. Ensuite, selon ses analyses, « le conflit ivoiro-malien est relationnel et oppose deux dirigeants. »
L’arrestation le 22 Août 2022 suivie de l’emprisonnement de dame Pulchérie GBALET, Présidente de l’Alternative Citoyenne Ivoirienne (ACI), dans le contexte du conflit Ivoiro-Malien semble mettre au banc des accusés la Société Civile Ivoirienne, traitée tantôt de bras séculiers de certains partis Politiques, tantôt de duplicité ; ce qui entache de toute évidence sa crédibilité. Quelle est votre réaction en tant que Président de l’ONG Alerte-Conflit qui se réclame de la Société Civile ?
Sachez d’abord que beaucoup de personnes qui parlent de la Société Civile n’en ont qu’une vague idée et ne connaissant pas véritablement cette entité et surtout ses fonctions et les différentes formes des Organisations qui la composent, notamment les Fondations, les Organisations Culturelles et Religieuses, les Mutuelles, les Coopératives, les Syndicats et les ONGs, etc, qui en principe ont chacune une mission, soit d’intérêt collectif et coopératif, soit d’intérêt général. Il est donc fondamental de savoir que la Société Civile est l’ensemble de tous le Citoyens dans un État-Nation qui forment deux types de Sociétés dont l’une est qualifiée de Civile et l’autre de Politique, et que c’est le Pouvoir légitime de chacun de l’ensemble de ces citoyens qui est conféré à cette autre entité appelée Société Politique, et que par conséquent chacun de ces citoyens a droit de regard sur sa portion de pouvoir qui se trouve entre les mains de ceux qui, pour un temps, conduisent sa destinée à travers les différentes formes de gouvernances. Les Organisations de la Société Civile travaillent toutes, selon la détermination des objectifs de chacune d’elles, pour la chose publique et plus précisément pour l’intérêt de tous. Elles ne poursuivent certes pas de fonctions étatiques mais s’intéressent, uniquement bien entendu, à une participation Politique indépendante qu’on ne saurait leur dénier. Les Organisations de la Société Civile se font d’autre part le devoir impérieux d’œuvrer à la liberté des citoyens ainsi qu’à leur protection contre l’arbitraire étatique, en se donnant les moyens, entre autres, d’observer et de contrôler le pouvoir Politique, de contribuer à la socialisation démocratique et participative des citoyens, d’agir comme intermédiaires entre les citoyens et l’État, de contribuer surtout au processus de formation de l’opinion Politique, à la volonté populaire et, bien entendu, de prendre des initiatives pour la prévention, la gestion et le règlement des conflits. Comme vous le voyez donc, la Société Civile dans son ensemble et davantage les Organisations non gouvernementales qui en résultent, englobent dans leur travail toutes les questions, les intérêts et les thèmes qui concernent les individus et les regroupements d’individus dans la Société et sont incluses de fait dans tous les débats de Société sans exception, si bien que leurs positions impactent forcement l’opinion Publique. Cette posture n’est pas du tout appréciée par l’élite Politique au Pouvoir qui, pour préserver son hégémonie sur les Populations peu informées sur leurs droits citoyens, s’offusque des éclairages apportés par les Organisations de la Société Civile à travers leurs revendications de transparence. C’est ce qui explique tous ces mauvais procès et procès d’intention fréquemment faits à la Société Civile, même légalement constituée en ONG authentiques et non-alignées qui, par ce qu’elles assument a véritablement leur indépendance, sont traitées comme des comploteurs contre des régimes Politiques et sont quelques fois traquées, menacées, persécutées et muselées. Or s’il n’y a pas de Société Civile active ou d’Organisations de la Société civile dans un pays, cela voudrait dire que ce Pays n’est pas démocratique et ne Constitue pas un exemple d’État de Droit ou n’envisage même pas de le devenir.
Pensez-vous donc que les ennuis de Pulchérie Edith GBALET tirent leurs origines uniquement du chapelet d’observations que vous venez de faire et non pour les faits précis qui lui sont reprochés, notamment « d’Entente avec les agents d’une puissance étrangère de nature à porter atteinte à l’image de marque de la Côte d’Ivoire au plan diplomatique » ; « de diffusion de fausses informations » et « d’atteinte à l’ordre Public », comme il a été dit et rapporté dans la presse ?
La réponse à votre question ne saurait être aussi mécanique qu’elle a été posée. Pourriez-vous, au-demeurant, citer un seul régime Politique qui applaudi lorsqu’il est Publiquement contrarié ou défié ? Ne nous focalisons donc pas sur les divers Chefs d’accusations actuels égrenés contre Pulchérie Edith GBALET dont les antécédents avec le Pourvoir Politique ivoirien sont connus de tous.
Souvenons-nous qu’elle avait été arrêtée en Août 2020, inculpée et placée sous mandat de dépôt à la MACA, pour « incitation à la révolte », « Appel à l’insurrection », « troubles à l’ordre Public », « violences et voies de faits », après avoir appelé les femmes à manifester contre un troisième mandat du Président Alassane OUATTRA. Souvenons-nous aussi qu’elle avait encore été interpellée le 3 Août 2022 à l’Aéroport d’Abidjan, à son retour d’un séjour à Bamako, parce qu’elle était soupçonnée « d’atteinte à la Sûreté de l’État », dans le cadre même de cette nébuleuse Affaire de 49 de nos soldats détenus au Mali. Cela fait donc la troisième fois en trois ans que notre Homologue Pulchérie Edith GBALET se retrouve entre les griffes du Pouvoir Politique Ivoirien. Cette fois-ci, pour les Chefs d’accusations qui sont rappelés dans la question qui nous est posée. Que doit-on alors retenir de tout cela, si ce n’est que de se rapporter simplement aux observations que nous avons faites relatives aux relations quelque peu conflictuelles qui restent absolument à améliorer entre les Pouvoirs Politiques et les Organisations de la Société Civile Ivoirienne ?
Qu’avez-vous à dire pour conclure cet entretien ?
Nous voudrions dire en guise de conclusion que le conflit strictement relationnel qui oppose les Autorités Maliennes de la Transition et le Pouvoir Politique Ivoirien commande que toutes les composantes de la Nation Ivoirienne, notamment la Société Civile et la Société Politique unissent leurs efforts. Aussi-voudrions nous plaider auprès du Président de la République afin qu’il accepte d’absoudre Pulchérie Edith GBALET dont le cas peut être assimilé à un effet collatéral du conflit Ivoiro-Malien dont on souhaite tous le dénouement heureux, afin de lui redonner sa liberté. Certes avec la fougue de syndicaliste qu’on lui connait elle a fait des déclarations qui ont pu choquer, mais elle est de bonne foi par ce qu’elle œuvre au grand jour, sans fourberie, dans le cadre strict de son Statut de Présidente d’une Organisation de la Société Civile L’ACI, Officiellement reconnue.
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